Quarter Horses Running In Unsanctioned Races At Higher Risk For EIA

The American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) has reported that Quarter horses that run in unsanctioned races are at a significantly higher risk of spreading equine infection anemia (EIA) than their non-racing and different breed counterparts. EIA is a viral disease that has no vaccine and no cure. EIA infection is determined through a Coggins test, which is required for attendance at many horse shows and events, as well as for interstate travel.

Horses infected with EIA may show no sign of the disease, but acutely infected horses may go off their feed, have a fever or die. Horses with chronic EIA may show other, non-specific signs like weakness, anemia, swelling of the legs or chest, or weight loss.

The AAEP has released new guidelines, written by Drs. Katie Flynn and Angela Pelzel-McCluskey, along with the association’s Infectious Disease Committee. The new guidelines highlight that recent infections of EIA have been caused by the use of used needles, syringes and IV sets. Additionally, blood contamination through multi-dose drug vials and the use of illegal products that contain blood and serum are also believed to be adding to the rise of EIA.

In the last five years, the horses that have been infected with EIA have changed from an untested population of horses to Quarter Horses that are racing in unsanctioned racing, the authors note. The vets believe that this is due to the unhygienic practices of those who are involved with EIA-infected horses.

The writers of the guidelines suggest vets practicing on these horses provide education to the owners and trainers about implementing biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of disease. All bits, lip chains, surgical and dental equipment should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. Wounds should be kept clean and covered, and good fly control is imperative to keep flies at bay.

Read more of the AAEP’s new guidelines here.